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In Islam, the Quran is considered to be the most sacred source of law. [6] Classical jurists held its textual integrity to be beyond doubt on account of it having been handed down by many people in each generation, which is known as "recurrence" or "concurrent transmission" ( tawātur ).
They accused secular leaders of corruption and predatory behavior, and claimed that a return to Sharia would replace despotic rulers with pious leaders striving for social and economic justice. In the Arab world these positions are often encapsulated in the slogan "Islam is the solution" (al-Islam huwa al-hall). [209]
Fiqh (/ f iː k /; [1] Arabic: فقه) is Islamic jurisprudence. [2] Fiqh is often described as the style of human understanding and practices of the sharia; [3] that is, human understanding of the divine Islamic law as revealed in the Quran and the sunnah (the teachings and practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions).
A copy of the Qur'an, one of the primary sources of Sharia. The Qur'an is the first and most important source of Islamic law. Believed to be the direct word of God as revealed to Muhammad through angel Gabriel in Mecca and Medina, the scripture specifies the moral, philosophical, social, political and economic basis on which a society should be constructed.
Ahkam (Arabic: أحكام, romanized: aḥkām, lit. 'rulings', plural of ḥukm, حُكْم) is an Islamic term with several meanings. In the Quran, the word hukm is variously used to mean arbitration, judgement, authority, or God's will.
A fatwa (UK: / ˈ f æ t w ɑː / ⓘ; US: / ˈ f ɑː t w ɑː /; Arabic: فتوى, romanized: fatwā; pl. فتاوى, fatāwā) is a legal ruling on a point of Islamic law given by a qualified Islamic jurist in response to a question posed by a private individual, judge or government.
Apostasy (riddah, ردة or irtidad, ارتداد), leaving Islam for another religion or for atheism, [38] [39] is regarded as one of hudud crimes liable to capital punishment in traditional Maliki, Hanbali and Shia jurisprudence, but not in Hanafi and Shafi'i fiqh as the hudud are a kaffarah for the hudud offences, though these schools all ...
Qisas or Qiṣāṣ (Arabic: قِصَاص, romanized: Qiṣāṣ, lit. 'accountability, following up after, pursuing or prosecuting') is an Islamic term interpreted to mean "retaliation in kind", [1] [2] "eye for an eye", or retributive justice.