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  2. False equivalence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_equivalence

    The "false equivalence" is the comparison between things differing by many orders of magnitude: [3] Deepwater Horizon spilled 210 million US gal (790 million L) of oil; [4] one's neighbor might spill perhaps 1 US pt (0.47 L).

  3. List of fallacies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies

    Incomplete comparison – insufficient information is provided to make a complete comparison. Intentionality fallacy – the insistence that the ultimate meaning of an expression must be consistent with the intention of the person from whom the communication originated (e.g. a work of fiction that is widely received as a blatant allegory must ...

  4. Argument from analogy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_analogy

    A false analogy is an informal fallacy, or a faulty instance, of the argument from analogy. An argument from analogy is weakened if it is inadequate in any of the above respects. The term "false analogy" comes from the philosopher John Stuart Mill, who was one of the first individuals to examine analogical reasoning in detail. [2]

  5. Nirvana fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana_fallacy

    The nirvana fallacy is the informal fallacy of comparing actual things with unrealistic, idealized alternatives. [1] It can also refer to the tendency to assume there is a perfect solution to a particular problem.

  6. Fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallacy

    A false analogy occurs when claims are supported by unsound comparisons between data points. For example, the Scopus and Web of Science bibliographic databases have difficulty distinguishing between citations of scholarly work that are arms-length endorsements, ceremonial citations, or negative citations (indicating the citing author withholds ...

  7. List of paradoxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_paradoxes

    This list includes well known paradoxes, grouped thematically. The grouping is approximate, as paradoxes may fit into more than one category. This list collects only scenarios that have been called a paradox by at least one source and have their own article in this encyclopedia.

  8. Association fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_fallacy

    The association fallacy is a formal logical fallacy that asserts that properties of one thing must also be properties of another thing if both things belong to the same group.

  9. Incomplete comparison - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incomplete_comparison

    An incomplete comparison is a misleading argument popular in advertising. For example, an advertiser might say "product X is better". For example, an advertiser might say "product X is better". This is an incomplete assertion, so it can not be refuted.