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She was the first of only four African-American women to serve as a Navy nurse during World War II. [26] The first five African-American women entered the Coast Guard Women's Reserve (SPARs). Olivia Hooker was the very first African-American woman to enter the Coast Guard. [27] [18]
More than 60,000 Army nurses (all military nurses were women at the time) served stateside and overseas during World War II. Although most were kept far from combat, 67 were captured by the Japanese in the Philippines in 1942 and were held as POWs for over two and a half years.
Canada: Over 2,800 women serve in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps during the war. Women also receive training in small arms, first aid and vehicle maintenance in anticipation of being used as home guards. [25] New Zealand: Nurses in the New Zealand Army Nursing Service serve on hospital ships and in hospitals at the front in France. [26]
Over 1600 female nurses received various decorations for courage under fire. Approximately 350,000 American women joined the military during World War II. Women also took part in the resistances of France, Italy, Poland, and Yugoslavia, as well as in the British SOE and American OSS which aided these.
Cadet Nurse Stories, The call for and response of women during World War II. Indianapolis, IN: Honor Society of Nursing Sigma Theta Tau International, Center Nursing Publishing. ISBN 1-930538-03-0. {}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ; Pouls, Paula Nassen, ed. (1996).
U.S. Navy Nurse and released POW aboard USS Benevolence, 1945. 1939–1945 – Military and naval nurses from numerous countries serve outside their countries. 1941–45 – Over 59,000 American women serve in the U.S. Army Nurse Corps [61] 1941–45 – Over 11,000 women serve in the United States Navy Nurse Corps
During the war, 19 Navy nurses died on active duty, over half of them from influenza. Three of the four Navy Crosses awarded to wartime Navy nurses were given posthumously to women who sacrificed their lives during the 1918 flu pandemic. Among those awarded the Navy Cross posthumously was Lillian Marie “Lillie” Murphy RN USNR (1887 -1918).
At the outset of World War II, US Army and US Navy nurses were stationed at Sternberg General Hospital in Manila, and other military hospitals around Manila. During the Battle of the Philippines (1941–1942), 88 US Army nurses escaped, in the last week of December 1941, to Corregidor and Bataan. [6] Sternberg General Hospital, Manila, 1940.