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A hub provides a point-to-multipoint (or simply multipoint) circuit in which all connected client nodes share the network bandwidth. A switch on the other hand provides a series of point-to-point circuits, via microsegmentation, which allows each client node to have a dedicated circuit and the added advantage of having full-duplex connections.
In computer networking, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link layer (layer 2) communication protocol between two routers directly without any host or any other networking in between. [1] It can provide loop detection, authentication , transmission encryption , [ 2 ] and data compression .
The simplest topology with a dedicated link between two endpoints. Easiest to understand, of the variations of point-to-point topology, is a point-to-point communication channel that appears, to the user, to be permanently associated with the two endpoints.
The physical network topology can be directly represented in a network diagram, as it is simply the physical graph represented by the diagrams, with network nodes as vertices and connections as undirected or direct edges (depending on the type of connection). [3]
upstream (from a tail-end to the head-end) over single-mode fiber using point-to-multipoint topology (supports at least 10 km). 1000BASE‑PX20‑D 802.3ah-2004 (60) downstream (from head-end to tail-ends) over single-mode fiber using point-to-multipoint topology (supports at least 20 km). 1000BASE‑PX20‑U 802.3ah-2004 (60)
Point-to-point line configuration makes it easy to identify and isolate faults. Ring Protection reconfiguration for line faults of bidirectional rings can be very fast, as switching happens at a high level, and thus the traffic does not require individual rerouting. Ring topology helps mitigate collisions in a network. [5]
PSTN network topology is the switching network topology of a telephone network connected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN).. In the United States and Canada, the Bell System network topology was the switching system hierarchy implemented and operated from c. 1930 to the 1980s for the purpose of integrating the diverse array of local telephone companies and telephone numbering ...
In contemporary usage, the term point-to-multipoint wireless communications relates to fixed wireless data communications for Internet or voice over IP via radio or microwave frequencies in the gigahertz range. Point-to-multipoint is the most popular approach for wireless communications that have a large number of nodes, end destinations or end ...