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The study of work. 'Work' is used here to refer to any social activity. The analytic interest is in how that work is accomplished within the setting in which it is performed. The haecceity of work. Just what makes an activity what it is? e.g. what makes a test a test, a competition a competition, or a definition a definition?
Community studies is an academic field drawing on both sociology and anthropology and the social research methods of ethnography and participant observation in the study of community. In academic settings around the world, community studies is variously a sub-discipline of anthropology or sociology, or an independent discipline.
Ethnographies are also sometimes called "case studies". [31] Ethnographers study and interpret culture, its universalities, and its variations through the ethnographic study based on fieldwork. An ethnography is a specific kind of written observational science which provides an account of a particular culture, society, or community.
The case study method exemplifies qualitative researchers' preference for depth, detail, and context. [11] [12] Data triangulation is also a strategy used in qualitative research. [13] Autoethnography, the study of self, is a qualitative research method in which the researcher uses his or her personal experience to understand an issue.
Sartre, in his work on the phenomenology of social dynamics, Critique of Dialectical Reason, written in the late 1950s, called microsociology the only valid theory of human relations. [5] Jürgen Habermas and Pierre Bourdieu are two more recent theorists who have put microsociological concepts to good use in their works. [ 6 ]
Symbolic interactionists are particularly interested autoethnography, and examples can be found in a number of scholarly journals, such as Qualitative Inquiry, the Journal of the Society for the Study of Symbolic Interactionism, the Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, and the Journal of Humanistic Ethnography. In performance studies ...
Schütz's work was conducted as a mundane phenomenology of the social world. [9] Their projects differ in level of analysis, topics of study, and the type of phenomenological reduction used in analysis. Ultimately these two distinct projects should be seen as complementary, with the studies of the latter dependent on the studies of the former.
Social research is based on logic and empirical observations. Charles C. Ragin writes in his Constructing Social Research book that "Social research involved the interaction between ideas and evidence. Ideas help social researchers make sense of evidence, and researchers use evidence to extend, revise and test ideas."