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Nickel(II) chloride (or just nickel chloride) is the chemical compound NiCl 2. The anhydrous salt is yellow, but the more familiar hydrate NiCl 2 ·6H 2 O is green. Nickel(II) chloride, in various forms, is the most important source of nickel for chemical synthesis. The nickel chlorides are deliquescent, absorbing moisture from the air to form ...
The blue isomer is prepared by treating hydrated nickel chloride with triphenylphosphine in alcohols or glacial acetic acid: [1] NiCl 2 •6H 2 O + 2 PPh 3 → NiCl 2 (PPh 3) 2 + 6 H 2 O. When allowed to crystallise from chlorinated solvents, the tetrahedral isomer converts to the square planar isomer. The square planar form is red and diamagnetic.
NiCl 2 (dppp) is prepared by combining equal molar portions of nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate with 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane in 2-propanol. [3] Ni(H 2 O) 6 Cl 2 + dppp → NiCl 2 (dppp) + 6 H 2 O
There are also nickel chloride methoxides with formulae: NiClOMe, Ni 3 Cl 2 (OMe) 4 and Ni 3 Cl(OMe) 5 in which Nickel and oxygen appear to form a cubane-type cluster. [ 68 ] Other alkoxy compounds known for nickel include nickel dipropoxide, nickel di-isopropoxide, nickel tert -amyloxide, and nickel di- tert -hexanoxide. [ 69 ]
The formula is deceptive: the compound is the chloride salt of the coordination complex [Ni 2 Cl 2 (en) 4] 2+. This blue solid is soluble in water and some polar organic solvents. It is prepared by ligand redistribution from [Ni(en) 3]Cl 2 · 2 H 2 O and hydrated nickel chloride: [1] 2 [Ni(en) 3]Cl 2 + NiCl 2 → 3 NiCl 2 (en) 2
Dichloro[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]nickel is a coordination complex with the formula NiCl 2 (dppe); where dppe is the diphosphine 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane.It is used as a reagent and as a catalyst. [1]
Other double trichlorides include potassium nickel trichloride KNiCl 3 ·5H 2 O, [62] yellow cesium nickel trichloride CsNiCl 3, [62] lithium nickel trichloride LiNiCl 3 ·3H 2 O, [62] hyrdrazinium nickel tetrachloride, [62] and nickel ammonium chloride hexahydrate NH 4 NiCl 3 ·6H 2 O. [63] The tetrachloronickelates contain a tetrahedral NiCl ...
The electrolyte is normally a eutectic mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride. More recently, other lower-melting, eutectic electrolytes based on lithium bromide , potassium bromide , and lithium chloride or lithium fluoride have also been used to provide longer operational lifetimes; they are also better conductors.