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The history of the arrival of Islam in Indonesia is somewhat unclear. [1] One theory states that Islam arrived directly from Arabia as early as the 9th century, during the time of the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates. Another theory credits Sufi travelers for bringing Islam in the 12th or 13th century, either from Gujarat in India or from Persia. [2]
The spread of Islam in Indonesian is thought to have begun sometime during the eleventh century, although Muslims had visited Indonesia early in the Muslim era. Through assimilation Islam had supplanted Hinduism and Buddhism as the dominant religion of Java and Sumatra by the end of the 16th century .
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 February 2025. Islam in Indonesia Istiqlal Mosque, the national mosque and the largest mosque in Southeast Asia. Total population 244,410,757 (2023) 87,06% of the population [a] Languages Liturgical Quranic Arabic Common Indonesian (official), various regional languages Mass Eid al-Fitr prayer at the ...
The majority, muwallad, were born in Indonesia and may be of mixed heritage. [16] Because of the lack of information, some Indonesian scholars have mistaken the Arabs of Indonesia as agents of Salafism and Wahhabism, as Azyumardi Azra depicted Indonesians of Arab descent as wishing to purge Indonesian Islam of its indigenous religious elements.
Islam in Indonesia was initially spread through merchant activity by Arab traders as well as proselytization by Sufi saints. These Sufi missionaries, along with Shafi'i maddhab they brought in, could flexibly accommodate local practices and traditions.
The spread of Islam spans almost 1,400 years. The early Muslim conquests that occurred following the death of Muhammad in 632 CE led to the creation of the caliphates, expanding over a vast geographical area; conversion to Islam was boosted by Arab Muslim forces expanding over vast territories and building imperial structures over time.
This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day. [citation needed]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 February 2025. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...