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Many factors have been identified as being associated with increased risk of substance use during this period of development including individual differences (e.g., negative affect, decreased harm avoidance, and low motivation for achievement), biological (e.g., genetic predisposition and neurological development), and environmental factors (e ...
The imbalance between these factors lead to increased substance use. [28] Although there have been declines in adolescent substance use rates, trends of rising e-cigarette (vape) usage highlight the ongoing health care concern regarding adolescent substance use and its effects on neurodevelopment processes during this crucial developmental stage.
Research has shown, when drug use begins at an early age, there is a greater possibility for addiction to occur. [14] Three exacerbating factors that can influence substance use to become substance use are social approval, lack of perceived risks, and availability of drugs in the community. Youths from certain demographics are also at higher ...
Primary risk factors associated with overdose include mixing drugs, tolerance, quality of the drug, using alone, age and physical health, mode of administration and previous non-fatal overdoses.
Depending on the actual compound, drug abuse including alcohol may lead to health problems, social problems, morbidity, injuries, unprotected sex, violence, deaths, motor vehicle accidents, homicides, suicides, physical dependence or psychological addiction. [24] There is a high rate of suicide in alcoholics and other drug abusers.
Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated re-consumption of a psychoactive substance because of an adaptive state that has developed within the individual from psychoactive substance consumption that results in the experience of withdrawal and that necessitates the re-consumption ...