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Price optimization utilizes data analysis to predict the behavior of potential buyers to different prices of a product or service. Depending on the type of methodology being implemented, the analysis may leverage survey data (e.g. such as in a conjoint pricing analysis [7]) or raw data (e.g. such as in a behavioral analysis leveraging 'big data' [8] [9]).
where is a random variable with probability distribution representing demand, each unit is sold for price and purchased for price , is the number of units stocked, and is the expectation operator. The solution to the optimal stocking quantity of the newsvendor which maximizes expected profit is:
The modified Dietz method [1] [2] [3] is a measure of the ex post (i.e. historical) performance of an investment portfolio in the presence of external flows. (External flows are movements of value such as transfers of cash, securities or other instruments in or out of the portfolio, with no equal simultaneous movement of value in the opposite direction, and which are not income from the ...
Jamshidian's trick is a technique for one-factor asset price models, which re-expresses an option on a portfolio of assets as a portfolio of options. It was developed by Farshid Jamshidian in 1989. The trick relies on the following simple, but very useful mathematical observation.
In finance, MIDAS (an acronym for Market Interpretation/Data Analysis System) is an approach to technical analysis initiated in 1995 by the physicist and technical analyst Paul Levine, PhD, [1] and subsequently developed by Andrew Coles, PhD, and David Hawkins in a series of articles [2] and the book MIDAS Technical Analysis: A VWAP Approach to Trading and Investing in Today's Markets. [3]
For example, the delta of an option is the value an option changes due to a $1 move in the underlying commodity or equity/stock. See Risk factor (finance) § Financial risks for the market . To calculate 'impact of prices' the formula is: Impact of prices = option delta × price move; so if the price moves $100 and the option's delta is 0.05% ...
Developed in 1764 by Gian Rinaldo Carli, an Italian economist, this formula is the arithmetic mean of the price relative between a period t and a base period 0. [ The formula does not make clear over what the summation is done.
The discrete difference equations may then be solved iteratively to calculate a price for the option. [4] The approach arises since the evolution of the option value can be modelled via a partial differential equation (PDE), as a function of (at least) time and price of underlying; see for example the Black–Scholes PDE. Once in this form, a ...