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Induction of apoptosis by 2-meOE 2 may be p53 dependent or independent. 2-meOE 2 has also been found to inhibit aromatase activity, thereby lowering the in situ synthesis of E 2 in cancer tissue. [ 4 ] 2-meOE 2 has a higher binding affinity for sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) than E 2 and 2-OH-E 2 and has no affinity for the estrogen receptor.
Typically, the antibody used is the anti-Estrogen Receptor (ER) (SP1) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody. Employing SP1 allows detection of estrogen receptor (ER) antigens in sections of the fixed tissue samples. In conjunction with light microscopy, approximate ER activity can be estimated using the level of staining of the cell's components.
A hormone-sensitive cancer, or hormone-dependent cancer, is a type of cancer that is dependent on a hormone for growth and/or survival. If a tumor is hormone-sensitive, it means that there are special proteins called receptors on cells surface. When the hormone bind the matched receptor, it results in growth and spread of cancer cells.
Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH; EC 1.14.16.4) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5HT). 5HT is causally involved in numerous central nervous activities, and it has several functions in peripheral tissues, including the maintenance of vascular tone and gut motility.[supplied by OMIM] [7]
Reflect the stage of cancer; By determining the stage of cancer, it's possible to give a prognosis and treatment plan. [3] Screening for cancers; No screening test is wholly specific, and a high level of tumor marker can still be found in benign tumors. The only tumor marker currently used in screening is PSA (prostate-specific antigen ...
Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is an enzyme (EC 1.14.16.4) involved in the synthesis of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin. Tyrosine hydroxylase , phenylalanine hydroxylase , and tryptophan hydroxylase together constitute the family of biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases .
Aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14), also called estrogen synthetase or estrogen synthase, is an enzyme responsible for a key step in the biosynthesis of estrogens. It is CYP19A1 , a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, which are monooxygenases that catalyze many reactions involved in steroidogenesis .
2-Hydroxyestradiol is a catechol estrogen and in this regard bears some structural resemblance to the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline). [6] In accordance, 2-hydroxyestradiol has been found to interact with catecholamine systems. [ 6 ]