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A traveling-nut linear actuator has a motor that stays attached to one end of the lead screw (perhaps indirectly through a gear box), the motor spins the lead screw, and the lead nut is restrained from spinning so it travels up and down the lead screw. A traveling-screw linear actuator has a lead screw that passes entirely through the motor.
A rack and pinion has roughly the same purpose as a worm gear with a rack replacing the gear, in that both convert torque to linear force. However the rack and pinion generally provides higher linear speed — since a full turn of the pinion displaces the rack by an amount equal to the pinion's pitch circle whereas a full rotation of the worm screw only displaces the rack by one tooth width.
A servomotor (or servo motor or simply servo) [1] is a rotary or linear actuator that allows for precise control of angular or linear position, velocity, and acceleration in a mechanical system. [1] [2] It constitutes part of a servomechanism, and consists of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback and a controller (often a ...
Planetary roller screws are used as the actuating mechanism in many electromechanical linear actuators. Due to its complexity, the roller screw is a relatively expensive actuator (as much as an order of magnitude more expensive than ball screws), but may be suitable for high-precision, high-speed, heavy-load, long-life, and heavy-use applications.
The black section at the bottom contains the planetary reduction gear, and the black object on top of the motor is the optical rotary encoder for position feedback. Small R/C servo mechanism. 1. electric motor 2. position feedback potentiometer 3. reduction gear 4. actuator arm
The displacement achieved is commonly linear or rotational, as exemplified by linear motors and rotary motors, respectively. Rotary motion is more natural for small machines making large displacements. By means of a leadscrew, rotary motion can be adapted to function as a linear actuator (which produces a linear motion, but is not a linear motor).