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A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...
Roman numerals: for example the word "six" in the clue might be used to indicate the letters VI; The name of a chemical element may be used to signify its symbol; e.g., W for tungsten; The days of the week; e.g., TH for Thursday; Country codes; e.g., "Switzerland" can indicate the letters CH; ICAO spelling alphabet: where Mike signifies M and ...
[note 2] However, the name "neptunium" had already been given to another proposed chemical element (though not the element that today bears the name neptunium, which was discovered in 1940). [ note 3 ] So instead, Winkler named the new element germanium (from the Latin word, Germania , for Germany) in honor of his homeland. [ 15 ]
The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the elements, is an ordered arrangement of the chemical elements into rows ("periods") and columns ("groups"). It is an icon of chemistry and is widely used in physics and other sciences.
The platinum-group metals [a] (PGMs) are six noble, precious metallic elements clustered together in the periodic table. These elements are all transition metals in the d-block (groups 8, 9, and 10, periods 5 and 6). [1] The six platinum-group metals are ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum.
2 H 2 [NbOF 5] + 10 NH 4 OH → Nb 2 O 5 ↓ + 10 NH 4 F + 7 H 2 O. Several methods are used for the reduction to metallic niobium. The electrolysis of a molten mixture of K 2 [NbOF 5] and sodium chloride is one; the other is the reduction of the fluoride with sodium. With this method, a relatively high purity niobium can be obtained.
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A heavy metal is any relatively dense metal, either single element or multielement. [46] Magnesium , aluminium and titanium alloys are light metals of significant commercial importance. [ 47 ] Their densities of 1.7, 2.7 and 4.5 g/cm 3 range from 19 to 56% of the densities of other structural metals, [ 48 ] such as iron (7.9) and copper (8.9 ...