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Rear-wheel drive (RWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the rear wheels only. Until the late 20th century, rear-wheel drive was the most common configuration for cars. Most rear-wheel drive vehicles feature a longitudinally-mounted engine at the front of the car.
Csonka transaxle from 1908 Drawing of the "Alfa Transaxle" layout, with gearbox mounted in block at the rear differential; also inboard brakes to reduce unsprung mass. A transaxle is a single mechanical device which combines the functions of an automobile's transmission, axle, and differential into one integrated assembly. [1]
/ = the fore of the rear axles is steered (pusher axle) * = the rearmost of the rear axles is steered (tag axle) C = number of steered wheels - = separates axle groups and/or different axle functions (6x4-2 is 6x6 with undriven rear axle) Basis is always the standard configuration, meaning a steered front axle and a non-steered driven rear axle.
The drive axle may be a live axle, but modern rear-wheel drive automobiles generally use a split axle with a differential. In this case, one half-axle or half-shaft connects the differential with the left rear wheel, a second half-shaft does the same with the right rear wheel; thus the two half-axles and the differential constitute the rear ...
The rear driven wheels of a racing car throwing gravel Differentials and drive shafts deliver torque to the front and rear wheels of a four-wheel drive truck. A drive wheel is a wheel of a motor vehicle that transmits force, transforming torque into tractive force from the tires to the road, causing the vehicle to move.
Staggered wheel fitment The front and rear wheels are different widths. On sporty rear-wheel-drive cars, the rear tires are usually wider than the front. Prominent strakes on the side of the Ferrari 512TR extend onto the doors Strake Crease in the sheet metal intended as a "speed line" styling feature. Exemplified in the doors of the Ferrari ...
A beam axle, rigid axle, or solid axle is a dependent suspension design in which a set of wheels is connected laterally by a single beam or shaft. Beam axles were once commonly used at the rear wheels of a vehicle, but historically, they have also been used as front axles in four-wheel-drive vehicles.
Change in camber due to cornering forces can cause loss of rear-wheel adhesion leading to oversteer—a dynamically unstable condition that can cause a vehicle to spin. This is an especially severe problem when a swing axle is used in a rear-engine design, because of the greater side-g forces on the rear wheels from the mass of the engine.