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Sleep-related hallucinations, also known as hypnogogic (going to sleep) and hypnopompic (on awakening) are vivid hallucinations that can be auditory, visual, or tactile and may occur independent of or in combination with an inability to move (sleep paralysis). Narcolepsy is a clinical syndrome of hypothalamic disorder, [6] but the exact cause ...
Episodes of sleep paralysis, regardless of classification, are generally short (1–6 minutes), but longer episodes have been documented. [8] It can be difficult to differentiate between cataplexy brought on by narcolepsy and true sleep paralysis, because the two phenomena are physically indistinguishable. The best way to differentiate between ...
Sleep paralysis, characterized by temporary paralysis of the body shortly before or after sleep. Sleep paralysis may be accompanied by visual, auditory or tactile hallucinations. It is not a disorder unless severe, and is often seen as part of narcolepsy.
Narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorder, sleep apnea, others Excessive daytime sleepiness ( EDS ) is characterized by persistent sleepiness and often a general lack of energy, even during the day after apparently adequate or even prolonged nighttime sleep.
Cataplexy is the first symptom to appear in about 10% of cases of narcolepsy, [2] caused by an autoimmune destruction of hypothalamic neurons that produce the neuropeptide hypocretin (also called orexin), which regulates arousal and has a role in stabilization of the transition between wake and sleep states. [3]
Sleep paralysis is associated with sleep-related hallucinations. [22] Predisposing factors for the development of recurrent isolated sleep paralysis are sleep deprivation, an irregular sleep-wake cycle, e.g. caused by shift work, or stress. [22] A possible cause could be the prolongation of REM sleep muscle atonia upon awakening. [34]
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