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Isometric projection is a method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering drawings. It is an axonometric projection in which the three coordinate axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two of them is 120 degrees.
Isometric graph paper or 3D graph paper is a triangular graph paper which uses a series of three guidelines forming a 60° grid of small triangles. The triangles are arranged in groups of six to make hexagons. The name suggests the use for isometric views or pseudo-three-dimensional views.
Once common, isometric projection became less so with the advent of more powerful 3D graphics systems, and as video games began to focus more on action and individual characters. [1] However, video games using isometric projection—especially computer role-playing games—have seen a resurgence in recent years within the indie gaming scene. [1 ...
Isometric process, a thermodynamic process at constant volume (also isovolumetric) Isometric projection (or "isometric perspective"), a method for drawing three-dimensional objects on flat paper so that a cubical grid is projected onto an equilateral triangle grid and distances aligned with the axes are depicted at uniform scale.
"Isometric" comes from the Greek for "same measure". One of the things that makes isometric drawings so attractive is the ease with which 60° angles can be constructed with only a compass and straightedge. Isometric projection is a type of axonometric projection. The other two types of axonometric projection are: Dimetric projection
In isometric projection, the most commonly used form of axonometric projection in engineering drawing, [4] the direction of viewing is such that the three axes of space appear equally foreshortened, and there is a common angle of 120° between them. As the distortion caused by foreshortening is uniform, the proportionality between lengths is ...
A global isometry, isometric isomorphism or congruence mapping is a bijective isometry. Like any other bijection, a global isometry has a function inverse. The inverse of a global isometry is also a global isometry. Two metric spaces X and Y are called isometric if there is a bijective isometry from X to Y.
Isometric graph paper can be used to construct this kind of drawing. This view is useful to explain construction details (e.g. three dimensional joints in joinery). The isometric was the standard view until the mid twentieth century, remaining popular until the 1970s, especially for textbook diagrams and illustrations. [7] [8]