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Tretinoin, also known as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), is a medication used for the treatment of acne and acute promyelocytic leukemia. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] For acne, it is applied to the skin as a cream, gel or ointment. [ 10 ]
Alternation of side chains and end groups creates the various classes of retinoids. [citation needed] First generation retinoids are produced naturally in the body and interact with their normal biological counterparts, such as retinol binding protein 4 for retinol, retinoid receptors for all-trans-retinoic acid or 9-cis-retinoic acid.
“Using formulations that are less irritating or have calming ingredients can help reduce side effects in sensitive skin types,” explains Azadeh Shirazi, M.D., F.A.A.D., board-certified ...
Isotretinoin, also known as 13-cis-retinoic acid and sold under the brand name Accutane among others, is a medication used to treat skin diseases like harlequin-type ichthyosis, and lamellar ichthyosis, and severe cystic acne or moderate acne that is unresponsive to antibiotics. [6]
Tretinoin, also known as all-trans retinoic acid, may be used to whiten specific areas. [6] It may be used in combination with steroids and hydroquinone. [6] Alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) is used as a skin bleacher. Its biochemical mechanism is unclear. [6] Side effects may include sun sensitivity, skin redness, thickening, or itching. [6]
"I like to recommend my acne patients use Neostrata Foaming Glycolic Wash, which is an AHA foaming cleanser with 18% glycolic acid to exfoliate skin to reveal a clear, radiant complexion.