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  2. Cancelling out - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancelling_out

    For example, in the simple equation 3 + 2y = 8y, both sides actually contain 2y (because 8y is the same as 2y + 6y). Therefore, the 2y on both sides can be cancelled out, leaving 3 = 6y, or y = 0.5. This is equivalent to subtracting 2y from both sides. At times, cancelling out can introduce limited changes or extra solutions to an equation. For ...

  3. Cancellation property - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancellation_property

    In mathematics, the notion of cancellativity (or cancellability) is a generalization of the notion of invertibility.. An element a in a magma (M, ∗) has the left cancellation property (or is left-cancellative) if for all b and c in M, a ∗ b = a ∗ c always implies that b = c.

  4. Implicit function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicit_function

    The unit circle can be defined implicitly as the set of points (x, y) satisfying x 2 + y 2 = 1. Around point A, y can be expressed as an implicit function y(x). (Unlike in many cases, here this function can be made explicit as g 1 (x) = √ 1 − x 2.) No such function exists around point B, where the tangent space is vertical.

  5. Catastrophic cancellation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catastrophic_cancellation

    double x = 1.000000000000001; // rounded to 1 + 5*2^{-52} double y = 1.000000000000002; // rounded to 1 + 9*2^{-52} double z = y-x; // difference is exactly 4*2^{-52} The difference 1.000000000000002 − 1.000000000000001 {\displaystyle 1.000000000000002-1.000000000000001} is 0.000000000000001 = 1.0 × 10 − 15 {\displaystyle 0.000000000000001 ...

  6. Divergence theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergence_theorem

    The volume can be divided into any number of subvolumes and the flux out of V is equal to the sum of the flux out of each subvolume, because the flux through the green surfaces cancels out in the sum. In (b) the volumes are shown separated slightly, illustrating that each green partition is part of the boundary of two adjacent volumes

  7. First-order logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-order_logic

    However, the compactness theorem can be used to show that connected graphs are not an elementary class in first-order logic, and there is no formula φ(x,y) of first-order logic, in the logic of graphs, that expresses the idea that there is a path from x to y. Connectedness can be expressed in second-order logic, however, but not with only ...

  8. Cramer's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cramer's_rule

    [8] [9] [verification needed] Cramer's rule can also be numerically unstable even for 2×2 systems. [10] However, Cramer's rule can be implemented with the same complexity as Gaussian elimination , [ 11 ] [ 12 ] (consistently requires twice as many arithmetic operations and has the same numerical stability when the same permutation matrices are ...

  9. Partial derivative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_derivative

    It can be thought of as the rate of change of the function in the -direction.. Sometimes, for = (,, …), the partial derivative of with respect to is denoted as . Since a partial derivative generally has the same arguments as the original function, its functional dependence is sometimes explicitly signified by the notation, such as in: