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Cambodia's food situation worsened further, with Vietnamese troops attacking during the rice harvest, and food stocks being looted by the two belligerent parties. From August 1979 onward, the exile of the Cambodians became truly cataclysmic. Over one million people, driven by hunger, moved to the Thai border.
After the 1978 Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia and subsequent collapse of Democratic Kampuchea in 1979, the Khmer Rouge fled to the border regions of Thailand, and, with assistance from China, Pol Pot's troops managed to regroup and reorganize in forested and mountainous zones on the Thai-Cambodian border.
In March 1979, fearing an overwhelming flow of refugees, Thailand announced that it was closing and mining it borders. In the no man's land along the border between Thailand and Cambodia, refugee camps started to spring. Thai officials developed a policy of "humane deterrence" in order to reduce of number of Khmer refugees in those camps.
At the beginning of the rule of the Khmer Rouge regime in 1975, there were 425,000 ethnic Chinese in Cambodia. By the end of 1979, there were just 200,000, most of them were stuck in Thai refugee camps and the rest of them were stuck in Cambodia. 170,000 Chinese fled from Cambodia and moved to Vietnam, and others were repatriated. [136]
Camps on the Thai-Cambodia border hostile to the PRK, 1979–1984. KPNLF camps shown in black. When the Khmer Rouge government was removed from power in January 1979, the Kampuchean people hoped that peace and liberty would return to their country.
Armed border clashes between Cambodia and Vietnam soon flared up and escalated as Khmer Rouge forces advanced deep into Vietnamese territory and raided villages, killing hundreds of civilians. Vietnam counterattacked and in December 1978, NVA troops invaded Cambodia, reaching Phnom Penh in January 1979 and arriving at the Thai border in spring ...
In 1979 and 1980, the chaos caused hundreds of thousands of Cambodians to rush to the border with Thailand to escape the violence and to avoid the famine which threatened Cambodia. Humanitarian organizations coped with the crisis with the "land bridge", one of the largest humanitarian aid efforts ever undertaken.
In eastern Thailand, a few miles from the Cambodian border, a compound of bamboo and thatch houses was opened on 21 November 1979 after the fall of the Khmer Rouge. [1] Following the establishment of an emergency camp for refugees at Sa Kaeo , the Thai Ministry of the Interior authorized Mark Malloch Brown of the UNHCR to build a second camp at ...