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In organic chemistry, an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula −CH 2 −HC=CH 2. It consists of a methylene bridge ( −CH 2 − ) attached to a vinyl group ( −CH=CH 2 ). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The name is derived from the scientific name for garlic , Allium sativum .
A. Albutoin; Alclofenac; Alcuronium chloride; Alfetamine; Alizapride; Allicin; Alliin; Allithiamine; Allobarbital; Alloxydim; Allyl acetate; Allyl alcohol; Allyl bromide
Allyl sulfide compounds produce the characteristic odour of the onion subfamily (Allioideae). The family, which was originally created in 1805, now contains about 1600 species, divided into 71 genera, [ 3 ] [ 4 ] 17 tribes and three subfamilies, the Agapanthoideae ( Agapanthus ), Allioideae ( onions , garlic and chives ) and Amaryllidoideae ...
Eugenol / ˈ j uː dʒ ɪ n ɒ l / is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, a member of the allylbenzene class of chemical compounds. [2] It is a colorless to pale yellow, aromatic oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove, nutmeg, cinnamon, basil and bay leaf.
An onion (Allium cepa L., from Latin cepa meaning "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium.
Allyl thiocyanate isomerizes to the isothiocyanate: [4] CH 2 =CHCH 2 SCN → CH 2 =CHCH 2 NCS. Isothiocyanates can be prepared by treating organic dithiocarbamate salts with lead nitrate or tosyl chloride. [5] [6] Synthesis of phenyl isothiocyanate. Isothiocyanates may also be accessed by the fragmentation reactions of 1,4,2-oxathiazoles. [7]
The sulfur compound allicin, produced by crushing or chewing fresh garlic, [10] produces other sulfur compounds: ajoene, allyl polysulfides, and vinyldithiins. [2] Aged garlic lacks allicin, but may have some activity due to the presence of S-allylcysteine. Some people suffer from allergies to garlic and other species of Allium. [2]
Allium flavum (yellow) and Allium carinatum (purple). Allium is a large genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants with around 1000 accepted species, [4] [5] making Allium the largest genus in the family Amaryllidaceae and amongst the largest plant genera in the world. [6]