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LASIK or Lasik (/ ˈ l eɪ s ɪ k /; "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis"), commonly referred to as laser eye surgery or laser vision correction, is a type of refractive surgery for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. [1]
The procedure can be used to treat astigmatism, nearsightedness, and farsightedness. [3] During the procedure, the epithelium is displaced using a diluted alcohol solution. [4] PRK has advantages over LASIK in that it avoids added complications associated with the flap created during surgery.
Refractive surgery is an optional eye surgery used to improve the refractive state of the eye and decrease or eliminate dependency on glasses or contact lenses.This can include various methods of surgical remodeling of the cornea (keratomileusis), lens implantation or lens replacement.
In LASIK, the surgeon performs a 270-degree, 20 mm long incision, while in SMILE the so-called "side cap cut", which is the incision through which the surgeon extracts the lenticule, is usually about 4 mm long. [5] Currently in the US the procedure is only approved for nearsightedness, but is used for hypermetropia too in other countries. [6]
Radial keratotomy (RK) is a refractive surgical procedure to correct myopia (nearsightedness). It was developed in 1974 by Svyatoslav Fyodorov, a Russian ophthalmologist. It has been largely supplanted by newer, more accurate operations, such as photorefractive keratectomy, LASIK, Epi-LASIK and the phakic intraocular lens. [1]
Looking ahead, researchers forecast that the prevalence of myopia will continue to increase among children and adolescents, reaching 36.6% in 2040 and 39.8% in 2050.
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