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By itself, low albumin levels are associated with increased mortality rate in the general population. [8] In disease states specifically, hypoalbuminemia has been used a predictive factor for poor outcomes in a number of conditions, [ 3 ] including periprosthetic joint infection treatment failure, [ 13 ] and cirrhosis . [ 8 ]
The causes of diverticulitis are unclear. [1] Risk factors may include obesity, lack of exercise, smoking, a family history of the disease, and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). [1] [2] The role of a low fiber diet as a risk factor is unclear. [2] Having pouches in the large intestine that are not inflamed is known as ...
Complicated acute diverticulitis is distinguished from uncomplicated diverticulitis by the presence of abscess or colonic perforation. Chronic smoldering diverticulitis is caused by recurrent acute diverticulitis that does not respond to medical treatment but does not progress to complications such as abscess, peritonitis, enteric fistula, or ...
A major measure of kidney function is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The glomerular filtration rate is the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. The creatinine clearance rate (C Cr or CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit time and is a useful measure for approximating the GFR.
Diverticulitis is defined as diverticular disease with signs and symptoms of diverticular inflammation. Clinical features of acute diverticulitis include constant abdominal pain, localized abdominal tenderness in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, fever and leukocytosis. [12]
Treatment may consist of antibiotics, aminosalicylates (mesalamine), or prednisone. In rare cases, surgery with segmental resection may be considered. The long term prognosis is likely benign, although data is lacking. The prevalence of SCAD ranges from 0.3 - 1.3 percent.
The Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is regarded as the best overall measure of the kidney's ability to carry out these numerous functions. An estimate of the GFR is used clinically to determine the degree of kidney impairment and to track the progression of the disease. The GFR, however, does not reveal the source of the kidney disease.
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a syndrome of the kidney that is characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function, [4] [5] (usually a 50% decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) within 3 months) [5] with glomerular crescent formation seen in at least 50% [5] or 75% [4] of glomeruli seen on kidney biopsies.