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Marfan syndrome is named after Antoine Marfan, [11] the French pediatrician who first described the condition in 1896 after noticing striking features in a five-year-old girl. [ 12 ] [ 77 ] The gene linked to the disease was first identified by Francesco Ramirez at the Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City in 1991.
Heritable connective tissue diseases are rare, each disorder estimated at one to ten per 100,000, of which Marfan syndrome is the most common. It is carried by the FBN1 gene on chromosome 15, which encodes the connective protein fibrillin-1, [ 12 ] [ 13 ] inherited as a dominant trait.
Hyman was the second of eight children born to George W. Hyman (July 5, 1907 – July 13, 1987) and Warrene Hyman (née Farrington, February 4, 1927 – December 1976). As a child, Hyman was self-conscious about her rapid growth and the fact that she towered over her peers.
The Foundation provides information about Marfan syndrome and funds research for the purposes of saving lives and improving the quality of life for people affected by the condition which is a genetic connective tissue disorder. The Foundation also lobbies Congress to fund Marfan syndrome research and engages in its own fundraising activities. [1]
There are well over 6,000 known genetic disorders, [4] and new genetic disorders are constantly being described in medical literature. [5] More than 600 genetic disorders are treatable. [6] Around 1 in 50 people are affected by a known single-gene disorder, while around 1 in 263 are affected by a chromosomal disorder. [7]
Dural ectasia is common in Marfan syndrome, [3] occurring in 63–92% of people with the syndrome. [11] It may also occur in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome , neurofibromatosis type I , [ 12 ] ankylosing spondylitis , [ 1 ] and is associated with spondylolisthesis , vertebral fractures, [ 13 ] scoliosis , tumors or trauma .
Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA), also known as Beals–Hecht syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant congenital connective tissue disorder. [1] As with Marfan syndrome , people with CCA typically have an arm span that is greater than their height and very long fingers and toes . [ 2 ]
Marfanoid (or Marfanoid habitus) is a constellation of signs resembling those of Marfan syndrome, including long limbs, with an arm span that is at least 1.03 of the height of the individual, and a crowded oral maxilla, sometimes with a high arch in the palate, arachnodactyly, and hyperlaxity.