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Monkeys thus constituted a "grade" on the path to humans and were distinguished from "apes". Scientific classifications are now more often based on monophyletic groups, that is groups consisting of all the descendants of a common ancestor. The New World monkeys and the Old World monkeys are each monophyletic groups, but their combination was ...
Old World monkeys are primates in the family Cercopithecidae (/ ˌ s ɜːr k oʊ p ɪ ˈ θ ɛ s ɪ d iː /). Twenty-four genera and 138 species are recognized, making it the largest primate family. Old World monkey genera include baboons (genus Papio), red colobus (genus Piliocolobus), and macaques (genus Macaca).
The Old World species are divided into apes and monkeys depending on the number of cusps on their molars: monkeys have four, apes have five [72] - although humans may have four or five. [78] The main hominid molar cusp ( hypocone ) evolved in early primate history, while the cusp of the corresponding primitive lower molar (paraconid) was lost.
In earlier classification, New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, and humans – collectively known as simians or anthropoids – were grouped under Anthropoidea (/ ˌ æ n θ r ə ˈ p ɔɪ d i. ə /; from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos) 'human' and -οειδής (-oeidḗs) 'resembling, connected to, etc.'), while the strepsirrhines and tarsiers were grouped under the ...
The 158 extant species of Cercopithecidae are divided into two subfamilies: Cercopithecinae, containing 78 baboon, guenon, macaque, and other monkey species divided between thirteen genera, and Colobinae, containing 80 colobus, lutung, and other monkey species divided between ten genera. Dozens of extinct prehistoric cercopithecoid species have ...
Unlike other New World monkeys, both male and female howler monkeys have trichromatic color vision. [3] This has evolved independently from other New World monkeys due to gene duplication. [4] They have lifespans of 15 to 20 years. Howler species are dimorphic and can also be dichromatic (i.e. Alouatta caraya). Males are typically 1.5 to 2.0 kg ...
: Scientists have recently discovered a new primate species in Myanmar’s central forest. However, the Popa langur, named after nearby Mount Popa, is tragically already on the verge of extinction.
The Cercopithecinae are a subfamily of the Old World monkeys, which comprises roughly 71 species, including the baboons, the macaques, and the vervet monkeys.Most cercopithecine monkeys are limited to sub-Saharan Africa, although the macaques range from the far eastern parts of Asia through northern Africa, as well as on Gibraltar.