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A tonne of coal equivalent (tce), sometimes ton of coal equivalent, is a conventional value, based on the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of coal. Plural name is tonnes of coal equivalent. Per the World Coal Association: 1 tonne of coal equivalent (tce) corresponds to 0.697 tonne of oil equivalent (toe) [29]
The tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is a unit of energy defined as the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of crude oil. It is approximately 42 gigajoules or 11.630 megawatt-hours , although as different crude oils have different calorific values , the exact value is defined by convention; several slightly different definitions exist.
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The conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called coalification. ... [164] [165] Coal fires in China burn an estimated 120 million tons of coal a year, ...
Energy released by explosion of 1 ton of TNT. 4.5×10 9 J: Average annual energy usage of a standard refrigerator [142] [143] 6.1×10 9 J: ≈ 1 bboe (barrel of oil equivalent) [144] 10 10 1.9×10 10 J: Kinetic energy of an Airbus A380 at cruising speed (560 tonnes at 511 knots or 263 m/s) 4.2×10 10 J: ≈ 1 toe (ton of oil equivalent) [144] 4 ...
Global coal consumption reached an all-time high in 2024, climbing to 8.77 billion metric tons as global electricity demand outpaced the expansion of renewable energy. Despite its contribution to ...
According to Jevons, UK coal production in 1865 was estimated as being equal to production in the rest of the world, giving a rough world estimate of 200 million tons. According to the US Department of Energy, global fossil fuel consumption in 1970 was 200 Quad BTU, or 7.2 billion tons coal equivalent. [8]
Coal liquefaction is a process of converting coal into liquid hydrocarbons: liquid fuels and petrochemicals.This process is often known as "coal to X" or "carbon to X", where X can be many different hydrocarbon-based products.