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Dynastic cycle (traditional Chinese: 朝代循環; simplified Chinese: 朝代循环; pinyin: Cháodài Xúnhuán) is an important political theory in Chinese history. According to this theory, each dynasty of China rises to a political, cultural, and economic peak and then, because of moral corruption, declines, loses the Mandate of Heaven ...
Zooming out from the dynastic cycle but maintaining focus on power dynamics, the following general periodization, based on the most powerful groups and the ways that power is used, has been proposed for Chinese history: [37]: 45 The aristocratic settlement state (to c. 550 BCE)
The traditional lens for viewing Chinese history is the dynastic cycle: imperial dynasties rise and fall, and are ascribed certain achievements. Throughout pervades the narrative that Chinese civilization can be traced as an unbroken thread many thousands of years into the past , making it one of the cradles of civilization .
Throughout Chinese history, times of poverty and natural disasters were often taken as signs that heaven considered the incumbent ruler unjust and thus in need of replacement. The concept of the Mandate of Heaven also extends to the ruler's family having divine rights [ 1 ] and was first used to support the rule of the kings of the Zhou dynasty ...
Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years AD 200–600 and AD 1200–1500. The major classical civilizations that the era follows are Han China (ending in 220), the Western Roman Empire (in 476), the Gupta Empire (in the 550s), and the Sasanian Empire (in 651). Middle Ages – Lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
a single dynastic realm spanned/spans across more than one geographic region. For example, apart from previously ruling over the possessions of the British Empire and numerous sovereign states that later abolished the monarchy , the House of Windsor remains the ruling dynasty of 15 sovereign states and their associated territories, and is ...
Teenagers are inhaling canisters of nitrous oxide sold under the brand name Galaxy Gas The brightly colored canisters are used to make airy whipped creams, but can cause “life-threatening health ...
The history of thermodynamics is a fundamental strand in the history of physics, the history of chemistry, and the history of science in general. Due to the relevance of thermodynamics in much of science and technology, its history is finely woven with the developments of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, magnetism, and chemical kinetics, to more distant applied fields such as ...