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An electoral or voting system is a set of rules used to determine the results of an election. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections may take place in business, non-profit organisations and informal organisations.
The contingent vote is an electoral system used to elect a single representative in which a candidate requires a majority of votes to win. It is a form of preferential voting . The voter ranks the candidates in order of preference , and when the votes are counted, the first preference votes only are counted.
A party-list system is a type of electoral system that formally involves political parties in the electoral process, usually to facilitate multi-winner elections.In party-list systems, parties put forward a list of candidates, the party-list who stand for election on one ticket.
The Clerk of the Senate, after the election of Senators, shall assign desks to the individual Senators with the Senators elected as members of the majority party in the Senate in the chamber area beginning at the north side of the chamber until all such desks have been assigned, and then the Senators elected as members of the minority party in ...
Electoralism is a term first used by Terry Karl, professor of political science at Stanford University, to describe a "half-way" transition from authoritarian rule toward democratic rule. As a topic in the dominant party system political science literature, electoralism describes a situation in which the transition out of hard-authoritarian ...
Electoral Design Reference Materials from the ACE Project; PARLINE database from the Inter-Parliamentary Union; Political Database of the Americas - Georgetown University; Project for Global Democracy and Human Rights This page links to a table and a world map that is color-coded by the primary electoral system used by each country.
By withdrawing candidates a political faction can avoid the spoiler effect, whereby a candidate "splits the vote" of its supporters. A famous example of this spoiler effect occurred in the 2002 French presidential election , when so many left-wing candidates stood in the first round that all of them were eliminated and two right-wing candidates ...
The dual-member mixed proportional (DMP) [1] [2] [3] voting method is a mixed electoral system using a localized list rule to elect two representatives in each district. [4] It is similar to other forms of mixed-member proportional representation, but differs from the better-known additional-member system in that all representatives are elected locally in small districts, rather than requiring ...