Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Rendering of electro-slag remelting apparatus and cross-sections. Electroslag remelting (ESR), also known as electro-flux remelting, is a process of remelting and refining steel and other alloys for mission-critical applications in aircraft, thermal power stations, nuclear power plants, military technology and others. [1]
Vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is a secondary melting process for production of metal ingots with elevated chemical and mechanical homogeneity for highly demanding applications. [1] The VAR process has revolutionized the specialty traditional metallurgical techniques industry, and has made possible tightly controlled materials used in biomedical ...
The magnetic flux threading the ring, represented by five field lines, is reduced by the same ratio as the area of the ring. The variation of the magnetic flux induces a current (red arrows) in the ring by Faraday's law of induction, which in turn creates a new magnetic field circling the wire (green arrows) by Ampere's circuital law. The new ...
In the electro-slag remelting (ESR) process, steel scrap is first melted using the conventional process but is then remelted in a water-cooled form. With this process, a more even microstructure can be achieved which gives completely different properties than a material produced with the conventional method.
Additional flux is added until the molten slag, reaching the tip of the electrode, extinguishes the arc. The wire is then continuously fed through a consumable guide tube (can oscillate if desired) into the surfaces of the metal workpieces and the filler metal are then melted using the electrical resistance of the molten slag to cause coalescence .
The report estimates that chemical CO 2 absorption would cost $35/t of CO 2, plus $8–20/t CO 2 for transportation and storage. [95] At the time, this would have increased steel production costs by 15–20%, [88] [citation needed] presenting a barrier to decarbonisation for steelmakers which typically operate with margins of 8–10%. [96]
Refining of a 9.5%CrMoWVNbN steel in an argon, oxygen decarburisation (AOD) vessel. Argonoxygen decarburization (AOD) is a process primarily used in stainless steel making and other high grade alloys with oxidizable elements such as chromium and aluminium.
Drop-bottom cupola furnace Personal protective equipment to shield from radiant heat and molten splashes. Cupola furnaces were built in China as early as the Warring States period (403–221 BC), [4] although Donald Wagner writes that some iron ore melted in the blast furnace may have been cast directly into molds.