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Gynecomastia can be normal in newborn male babies due to exposure to estrogen from the mother, in adolescent boys going through puberty, in older men over the age of 50, and in obese men. [4] Most occurrences of gynecomastia do not require diagnostic tests.
[45] [46] Moreover, the lifetime incidence of breast cancer in men is approximately 0.1%, [47] the average age of diagnosis of prostate cancer and male breast cancer are similar (around 70 years), [10] [48] and millions of men have been treated with bicalutamide for prostate cancer, [49] all of which are potentially in support of the notion of ...
Gynecomastia (male breast development) ... Research shows that older men and women with low testosterone have lower red blood cell counts and an increased risk of developing anemia. Anemia can ...
The rates of gynecomastia in men with selective AR antagonist monotherapy have been found to range from 30 to 85%. [102] In addition, antiandrogens can cause infertility, osteoporosis, hot flashes, sexual dysfunction (including loss of libido and erectile dysfunction), depression, fatigue, anemia, and decreased semen/ejaculate volume in males.
CPA can sometimes cause breast changes in men including gynecomastia (breast development) and breast tenderness. [10] Rates of gynecomastia of 4 to 30% have been reported. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 9 ] [ 17 ] Galactorrhea (milk outflow) can also occur in men, due to the strong progestogenic effects of CPA.
A small risk of gynecomastia has been associated with 5α-reductase inhibitors (1.2–3.5%). [36] [41] Based on reports of 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency in males and the effectiveness of 5α-reductase inhibitors for hirsutism in women, reduced body and/or facial hair growth is a likely potential side effect of these drugs in men.
In men, estrogens can cause breast pain or tenderness, gynecomastia (male breast development), feminization, demasculinization, sexual dysfunction (decreased libido and erectile dysfunction), hypogonadism, testicular atrophy, and infertility. [21] [22
When used on males, these drugs can reduce sex drive, sexual fantasies, and capacity for sexual arousal. Life-threatening side effects are rare, but some users show increases in body fat and reduced bone density, which increase long-term risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis , respectively.