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Wallerian degeneration is an active process of degeneration that results when a nerve fiber is cut or crushed and the part of the axon distal to the injury (which in most cases is farther from the neuron's cell body) degenerates. [1]
Transneuronal degeneration is the death of neurons resulting from the disruption of input from or output to other nearby neurons. [1] It is an active excitotoxic process when a neuron is overstimulated by a neurotransmitter (most commonly glutamate) [2] causing the dysfunction of that neuron (either damaging it or killing it) which drives neighboring neurons into metabolic deficit, resulting ...
When a nerve axon is severed, the end still attached to the cell body is labeled the proximal segment, while the other end is called the distal segment. After injury, the proximal end swells and experiences some retrograde degeneration, but once the debris is cleared, it begins to sprout axons and the presence of growth cones can be detected.
The white space represents a disruption of the nerve fibers, resulting in a loss of nerve supply to the muscle fibers. Denervation is any loss of nerve supply regardless of the cause. If the nerves lost to denervation are part of neural communication to an organ system or for a specific tissue function, alterations to or compromise of ...
When the nerve fibers degenerate, an interruption in the transmission of nerve signals occurs. In the medical field, neurolysis is commonly used to alleviate pain, such as in people with various forms of cancer, chronic osteoarthritis or spasticity. [1] [2] Different types of neurolysis include celiac plexus neurolysis, endoscopic ultrasound ...
Retrograde tracing is a research method used in neuroscience to trace neural connections from their point of termination (the synapse) to their source (the cell body). Retrograde tracing techniques allow for detailed assessment of neuronal connections between a target population of neurons and their inputs throughout the nervous system .
Nerve injury is an injury to a nerve.There is no single classification system that can describe all the many variations of nerve injuries. In 1941, Herbert Seddon introduced a classification of nerve injuries based on three main types of nerve fiber injury and whether there is continuity of the nerve. [1]
At the surface of a nerve fiber is a tissue layer called the epineurium or sometimes external epineurium. Within the epineurium there is a connective tissue matrix called the internal epineurium and fascicles. The internal epineurium acts as soft cushion for the fascicles. [5] A nerve fiber may have a variable number of fascicles, but there ...