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At the base of the ocean food web are single-celled algae and other plant-like organisms known as phytoplankton. The second trophic level (primary consumers) is occupied by zooplankton which feed off the phytoplankton. Higher order consumers complete the web. There has been increasing recognition in recent years concerning marine microorganisms.
Binary fission is generally rapid, though its speed varies between species. For E. coli, cells typically divide about every 20 minutes at 37 °C. [11] Because the new cells will, in turn, undergo binary fission on their own, the time binary fission requires is also the time the bacterial culture requires to double in the number of cells it ...
Euglena reproduce asexually through binary fission, a form of cell division. Reproduction begins with the mitosis of the cell nucleus , followed by the division of the cell itself. Euglena divide longitudinally, beginning at the front end of the cell, with the duplication of flagellar processes, gullet and stigma.
Dinophysis mainly divide by binary fission. [4] Dinophysis chloroplasts are usually rod-shaped or granular and yellow or brown colored. [4] Some Dinophysis spp. take up kleptoplastids when feeding. Toxic Dinophysis produce okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins, and pectenotoxins, which inhibit protein phosphatase and cause diarrhea. [6]
Instead, they replicate via binary fission, a replication process uncoupled from the host cells in which they reside. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Some human parasites, e.g. Wuchereria bancrofti and Mansonella perstans , thrive in their intermediate insect hosts because of an obligate endosymbiosis with Wolbachia spp. [ 12 ] They can both be eliminated by ...
Tests show the toxin at clumps of algae 50 times higher than in nearby water.
However, other types of fission occur in some ciliate groups. These include budding (the emergence of small ciliated offspring, or "swarmers", from the body of a mature parent); strobilation (multiple divisions along the cell body, producing a chain of new organisms); and palintomy (multiple fissions, usually within a cyst ).
Marine algae can be divided into six groups: green, red and brown algae, euglenophytes, dinoflagellates and diatoms. Dinoflagellates and diatoms are important components of marine algae and have their own sections below. Euglenophytes are a phylum of unicellular flagellates with only a few marine members. Not all algae are microscopic.