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Bipolar electrolytic capacitors which may be operated with either polarity are also made, using special constructions with two anodes connected in series. A bipolar electrolytic capacitor can be made by connecting two normal electrolytic capacitors in series, anode to anode or cathode to cathode, along with diodes.
The voltage rating does not need to be symmetrical; "semi-polar" capacitors can be made with different thicknesses of oxide coatings, so they can withstand different voltages in each direction, [38] but these bipolar electrolytic capacitors are not adaptable for main AC applications instead of power capacitors with metallized polymer film or ...
Capacitors for AC applications are primarily film capacitors, metallized paper capacitors, ceramic capacitors and bipolar electrolytic capacitors. The rated AC load for an AC capacitor is the maximum sinusoidal effective AC current (rms) which may be applied continuously to a capacitor within the specified temperature range.
Non-polar or bipolar tantalum capacitors are made by effectively connecting two polarized capacitors in series, with the anodes oriented in opposite directions. Tantalum electrolytic capacitors are extensively used in electronic devices that require stable capacitance , low leakage current , and where reliability is crucial. [ 1 ]
The polar molecules of the dielectric align themselves to the direction of the electric field, producing a dipole electret with a permanent polarization. Modern electrets are sometimes made by embedding excess charges into a highly insulating dielectric, e.g. using an electron beam , corona discharge , injection from an electron gun , electric ...
Capacitors used for suppressing undesirable frequencies are sometimes called filter capacitors. They are common in electrical and electronic equipment, and cover a number of applications, such as: Glitch removal on direct current (DC) power rails; Radio frequency interference (RFI) removal for signal or power lines entering or leaving equipment
A motor capacitor [1] [2] is an electrical capacitor that alters the current to one or more windings of a single-phase alternating-current induction motor to create a rotating magnetic field. [ citation needed ] There are two common types of motor capacitors, start capacitor and run capacitor (including a dual run capacitor ).
IEC 60871 Shunt capacitors for a.c. power systems having a rated voltage above 1 000 V; IEC 60873 Electrical and pneumatic analogue chart recorders for use in industrial-process systems; IEC 60874 Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Connectors for optical fibres and cables