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time (Unix) - can be used to determine the run time of a program, separately counting user time vs. system time, and CPU time vs. clock time. [1] timem (Unix) - can be used to determine the wall-clock time, CPU time, and CPU utilization similar to time (Unix) but supports numerous extensions.
This can cause performance counter events to be attributed to the wrong instructions, making precise performance analysis difficult or impossible. AMD introduced methods to mitigate some of these drawbacks. For example, the Opteron processors have implemented [4] in 2007 a technique known as Instruction Based Sampling (or IBS). AMD's ...
This tool supports a large number of code metrics, allows for visualization of dependencies using directed graphs and dependency matrix. PHP, Perl and Python. Devel::NYTProf : a Perl performance analyser and call chart generator; phpCallGraph : a call graph generator for PHP programs that uses Graphviz. It is written in PHP and requires at ...
The documentation of perf is not very detailed (as of 2014); for example, it does not document most events or explain their aliases (often external tools are used to get names and codes of events [15]). [16] Perf tools also cannot profile based on true wall-clock time., [16] something that has been addressed by the addition of off-CPU profiling.
Counter multiplexing and overflow handling are also supported. Operating system support for accessing hardware counters is needed to use PAPI. For example, prior to 2010, a Linux/x86 kernel had to be patched with a performance monitoring counters driver (perfctr link) to support PAPI. Since Linux version 2.6.32, and PAPI 2010 releases, PAPI can ...
The GPS week number rollover is a phenomenon that happens every 1,024 weeks, which is about 19.6 years. The Global Positioning System (GPS) broadcasts a date, including a week number counter that is stored in only ten binary digits , whose range is therefore 0–1,023.
Performance Monitor can display information as a graph, bar chart, or list of numeric values, and can update information using a range of time intervals. The categories of information that can be monitored depend on which networking services are installed, but always include file system , kernel , and memory manager .
For example, with two executions units, two new instructions are fetched every clock cycle by exploiting instruction-level parallelism, therefore two different instructions would complete stage 5 in every clock cycle and on average the number of clock cycles it takes to execute an instruction is 1/2 (CPI = 1/2 < 1).