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Squalene is an organic compound. It is a triterpene with the formula C 30 H 50. It is a colourless oil, although impure samples appear yellow. It was originally obtained from shark liver oil (hence its name, as Squalus is a genus of sharks). An estimated 12% of bodily squalene in humans is found in sebum. [5]
A principal component of many shark oils is squalene, a triterpenoid (C 30 H 50), ranging up to 90% of the oil, depending on the species. In Centrophorus species squalene may account for 15% of the total body weight. Pristane, another terpenoid (C 19 H 40), is often a minor component, ranging up to nearly 8% of the oil. [12]
Squalene was traditionally sourced from the livers of sharks, with approximately 3000 required to produce one ton of squalane. [5] Due to environmental concerns, other sources such as olive oil, rice and sugar cane have been commercialized, and as of 2014 have been supplying about 40% of the industry total.
Squalene, an organic oil compound, offers many skin benefits. Here's everything to know about squalene and squalane, according to dermatologists.
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The linear triterpene squalene, the major constituent of shark liver oil, is derived from the reductive coupling of two molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate. Squalene is then processed biosynthetically to generate either lanosterol or cycloartenol, the structural precursors to all the steroids.