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4-Formylphenyl boronic acid crystallizes in colorless needles [1] or is obtained as an odorless, whitish powder, which dissolves little in cold but better in hot water. The compound is quite stable [3] and readily forms dimers and cyclic trimeric anhydrides, which complicate purification and tend to protodeboronize, a secondary reaction that occurs frequently in the Suzuki coupling, with ...
[3] Variables bound at the top level of a program are technically free variables within the terms to which they are bound but are often treated specially because they can be compiled as fixed addresses. Similarly, an identifier bound to a recursive function is also technically a free variable within its own body but is treated specially.
Like approximate entropy (ApEn), Sample entropy (SampEn) is a measure of complexity. [1] But it does not include self-similar patterns as ApEn does. For a given embedding dimension, tolerance and number of data points, SampEn is the negative natural logarithm of the probability that if two sets of simultaneous data points of length have distance < then two sets of simultaneous data points of ...
Numeric literals in Python are of the normal sort, e.g. 0, -1, 3.4, 3.5e-8. Python has arbitrary-length integers and automatically increases their storage size as necessary. Prior to Python 3, there were two kinds of integral numbers: traditional fixed size integers and "long" integers of arbitrary size.
The set of live variables between lines 2 and 3 is {b, c} because both are used in the multiplication on line 3. But the set of live variables after line 1 is only {b}, since variable c is updated later, on line 2. The value of variable a is not used in this code. Note that the assignment to a may be eliminated as a is not used later, but there ...
Pages in category "Free software programmed in Python" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 313 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .
An alpha beta filter (also called alpha-beta filter, f-g filter or g-h filter [1]) is a simplified form of observer for estimation, data smoothing and control applications. . It is closely related to Kalman filters and to linear state observers used in control theo
When treating categorical variables such as ethnic groups and experimental treatments as independent variables in moderated regression, one needs to code the variables so that each code variable represents a specific setting of the categorical variable. There are three basic ways of coding: dummy-variable coding, contrast coding and effects coding.