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The term loudspeaker may refer to individual transducers (also known as drivers) or to complete speaker systems consisting of an enclosure and one or more drivers.. To adequately and accurately reproduce a wide range of frequencies with even coverage, most loudspeaker systems employ more than one driver, particularly for higher sound pressure level (SPL) or maximum accuracy.
Advantages of electrostatic loudspeakers include: the very low mass of the diaphragm, which is driven across its whole surface; exemplary frequency response (both in amplitude and phase) [citation needed] because the principle of generating force and pressure is almost free from resonances unlike the more common electrodynamic driver.
While a large loudspeaker is naturally more directional because of its large size, a source with equivalent directivity can be made by utilizing an array of traditional small loudspeakers, all driven together in-phase. Acoustically equal to a large speaker, this creates a larger source size compared to wavelength, and the resulting sound field ...
A horn loudspeaker is a loudspeaker or loudspeaker element which uses an acoustic horn to increase the overall efficiency of the driving element(s). A common form (right) consists of a compression driver which produces sound waves with a small metal diaphragm vibrated by an electromagnet, attached to a horn, a flaring duct to conduct the sound waves to the open air.
The following example will trace the signal flow of a typical home stereo system while playing back an audio CD. The first component in the signal flow is the CD player, which produces the signal. The output of the CD player is connected to an input on a receiver. In a typical home stereo system, thi
In reality, dimensionless point sources and one-dimensional line sources cannot exist; however, calculations can be made based on these theoretical models for simplicity. Thus there is only a certain distance where a line source of a finite length will produce a sound pressure higher than an equally loud point source.
From this perspective, speaker cabinets need to have easy-to-access horns, speakers, and crossover circuitry, so that repairs or replacements can be made. Many touring acts and large venue corporate events will rent large sound reinforcement systems that typically include one or more audio engineers on staff with the renting company.
The ITU standard also allows for additional surround speakers, that need to be distributed evenly between 60 and 150 degrees. [24] [26] Surround mixes of more or fewer channels are acceptable, if they are compatible, as described by the ITU-R BS. 775-1, [2] with 5.1 surround. The 3-1 channel setup (consisting of one monophonic surround channel ...