Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
The matrix is hardened by the binding of inorganic mineral salt, calcium phosphate, in a chemical arrangement known as bone mineral, a form of calcium apatite. [8] [9] It is the mineralization that gives bones rigidity. Bone is actively constructed and remodeled throughout life by specialized bone cells known as osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
Bone mineral is formed predominantly from carbonated hydroxyapatite [1] [2] with lower crystallinity. [1] [3] Bone mineral is formed from globular and plate structures [3] [4] distributed among the collagen fibrils of bone and forming yet a larger structure. The bone salt and collagen fibers together constitute the extracellular matrix of bone
The skeleton, often referred to as the skeletal system, is important both as a supporting structure and for maintenance of calcium, phosphate, and acid-base status in the whole organism. [5] The functional part of bone, the bone matrix, is entirely extracellular. The bone matrix consists of protein and mineral.
The biogenic formation of calcium carbonate structures is the result of a combination of biological and physical processes such as genetics, cellular activity, crystal competition, growth in confined spaces, and self-organization processes. The composition of these structures, and the mechanisms involved in building them, are highly diverse.
This can be done in terms of the chemical elements present, or by molecular structure e.g., water, protein, fats (or lipids), hydroxyapatite (in bones), carbohydrates (such as glycogen and glucose) and DNA. In terms of tissue type, the body may be analyzed into water, fat, connective tissue, muscle, bone, etc.
A subdiscipline of anatomy, anthropology, and paleontology, osteology is the detailed study of the structure of bones, skeletal elements, teeth, microbone morphology, function, disease, pathology, the process of ossification from cartilaginous molds, and the resistance and hardness of bones . [1]
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals.There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.
Bone ash is a white material produced by the calcination of bones. Typical bone ash consists of about 55.82% calcium oxide , 42.39% phosphorus pentoxide , and 1.79% water . [ 1 ] The exact composition of these compounds varies depending upon the type of bones being used, but generally the formula for bone ash is Ca 5 (OH)(PO 4 ) 3 .