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Abraham [a] (originally Abram) [b] is the common Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. [7] In Judaism, he is the founding father of the special relationship between the Jews and God; in Christianity, he is the spiritual progenitor of all believers, whether Jewish or non-Jewish; [c] [8] and in Islam, he is a link in the chain of Islamic ...
The following is a list of people who were in the position of the leaders of the Jewish nation, heads of state and/or government in the Land of Israel. Because of the position of the Land of Israel in Judaism, the leaders of the inhabitants of the land had a priority status also over Diaspora Jewry, although there were periods when this status weakened due to the weakening of the Jewish ...
Melchizedek King of Salem at the time of Abraham; Miriam, prophetess, sister of Moses and Aaron; Moses, adopted by Pharaoh's daughter in Egypt, leader of the Exodus from Egypt received the Torah or Law of Moses. Nathan, prophet in time of King David; Neriah a prophet, and his son Baruch the scribe of Jeremiah
New leaders such as Israel Jacobson, father of the German Reform Judaism movement, launched an egalitarian, modernist stance that challenged the Orthodoxy. The resulting fractures in Jewish society has translated into a situation whereby there is no single religious governing body for the entire Jewish community at the present time.
According to the Bible, the Tribes of Israel lived as a confederation under ad hoc charismatic leaders called judges. In around 1020 BCE, under extreme threat from foreign peoples, the tribes united to form the first United Kingdom of Israel. Samuel anointed Saul from the Tribe of Benjamin as the first king. Saul (1020–1000 BCE) or (1040-1000 ...
During the Great Jewish Revolt against the Romans (66–70 CE), one of the rebel leaders, Simon Bar Giora, established an alliance with a former Edomite leader and the area was handed over to him. However, it was conquered soon after and burned down by the Romans. Many Jewish captives were sold into slavery in the Hebron marketplace. [14]
Schmidt served in Hitler's Wehrmacht, while managing to hide his Jewish roots from the Nazi regime. [91] Árpád Göncz, a former president of Hungary from 1990 to 2000, had a Jewish maternal grandfather. [92] Although most head of states with Jewish ancestry come from Europe and Latin America, some are from other regions of the World.
Abraham Joshua Heschel (January 11, 1907 – December 23, 1972) was a Polish-American rabbi and one of the leading Jewish theologians and Jewish philosophers of the 20th century. Heschel, a professor of Jewish mysticism at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America , authored a number of widely read books on Jewish philosophy and was a leader ...