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Social policies implemented by the French government since 1981 include: minimal income for social insertion (revenu minimum d'insertion, RMI), universal health insurance (couverture maladie universelle) and housing allowances (subsidies for home councils in case of HLM, or direct help with the rent in the case of the personalised accommodation ...
A Social History of Nineteenth-Century France (1987) 403pp. 403 pgs. [ISBN missing] Robb, Graham. The Discovery of France: A Historical Geography, from the Revolution to the First World War (2007) Shirer, William L. The Collapse of the Third Republic: An Inquiry into the Fall of France, (1969) excerpt; Taylor, A.J.P. (1954).
Gaston Monnerville (1897–1991) was the first black person to hold the office of President of the Senate (1947–1968), the second-highest political office in France. Racism has been called a serious social issue in French society, despite a widespread public belief that racism does not exist on a serious scale in France. [1]
France 24 said that NUPES would "argue that the reform, which was inserted into the social security budget, is a legislative rider, since the text addresses more than just finances", and that "[l]eft-wing deputies intend to rely on the opinion of France's Conseil d'État (Council of State), which had warned the government of a risk that certain ...
The French Left (French: Gauche française) refers to communist, socialist, social democratic, democratic socialist, and anarchist political forces in France. The term originates from the National Assembly of 1789, where supporters of the revolution were seated on the left of the assembly.
The Convention voted for the abolition of slavery in the colonies on 4 February 1794 and decreed that all residents of the colonies had the full rights of French citizens irrespective of colour. [200] An army of 1,000 sans-culottes led by Victor Hugues was sent to Guadeloupe to expel the British and enforce the decree. The army recruited former ...
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The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, [d] then the French Empire after 1809 and also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century. It lasted from 18 May 1804 to 3 May 1814 and again briefly from 20 ...