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Immature chorionic villi are larger and have more central blood vessels; thus, the diffusion distance for gas and nutrient exchange is larger and, therefore, placental function is impaired. Low mag. High mag.
Chorionic villi are villi that sprout from the chorion to provide maximal contact area with maternal blood. They are an essential element in pregnancy from a histomorphologic perspective, and are, by definition, a product of conception .
Chorionic villi (right of image) and cartilage, i.e. fetal parts (left of image). H&E stain. Products of conception, abbreviated POC, is a medical term used for the tissue derived from the union of an egg and a sperm. It encompasses anembryonic gestation (blighted ovum) which does not have a viable embryo.
In the placenta, the intervillous space is the space between chorionic villi, and contains maternal blood.. The trophoblast, which is a collection of cells that invades the maternal endometrium to gain access to nutrition for the fetus, proliferates rapidly and forms a network of branching processes which cover the entire embryo and invade and destroy the maternal tissues.
EVTs that derive from CYT cells on the surface of placental chorionic villi that come into contact with the uterine wall - at the placental bed - begin to express the HLA-G antigen. [2] Extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells migrate from anchoring villi, and invade into the decidua basalis.
The pregnancy loss rate in pregnancies with confined placental mosaicism, diagnosed by chorionic villus sampling, is higher than among pregnancies without placental mosaicism. It may be that sometimes the presence of significant numbers of abnormal cells in the placenta interferes with proper placental function.
MPFD is caused by deposition fibrous tissue around the chorionic villi of the placenta. [1] [3] The placenta often shows lesions upon histology and autopsy. [8] The villi become trapped, causing avascular necrosis. [1] This causes reduced substance exchange, and movement of the placenta. [1]
Image showing trophoblast differentiated into the two layers of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast during implantation. It is the outer layer of the trophoblasts and actively invades the uterine wall, during implantation, rupturing maternal capillaries and thus establishing an interface between maternal blood and embryonic extracellular fluid, facilitating passive exchange of material ...