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Another definition of pantheism is the worship of all gods of every religion. But this is more precisely termed omnism. [5] Pantheist belief does not recognize a distinct personal god, [6] anthropomorphic or otherwise, but instead characterizes a broad range of doctrines differing in forms of relationships between reality and divinity. [7]
Religion is the substance, the ground, and the depth of man's spiritual life." [83] When religion is seen in terms of sacred, divine, intensive valuing, or ultimate concern, then it is possible to understand why scientific findings and philosophical criticisms (e.g., those made by Richard Dawkins) do not necessarily disturb its adherents. [84]
Naturalistic pantheism, also known as scientific pantheism, is a form of pantheism.It has been used in various ways such as to relate God or divinity with concrete things, [1] determinism, [2] or the substance of the universe. [3]
Panentheism (/ p æ ˈ n ɛ n θ i ɪ z əm /; [1] "all in God", from the Greek πᾶν, pân, 'all', ἐν, en, 'in' and Θεός, Theós, 'God') [2] is the belief that the divine intersects every part of the universe and also extends beyond space and time.
The Encyclopedia of Religion refers to this form of Pantheism as an "extreme monism," stating that in Classical Pantheism, "God decides or determines everything, including our supposed decisions." [ 7 ] Other examples of deterministic-inclined pantheisms include the views of Ralph Waldo Emerson , Ernst Haeckel , and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel .
[27] [28] Von Douglas Burham notes, in light of Nietzsche, that "God exists entirely immanently to nature or the cosmos" [29] and that Nietzsche opposed popular forms of atheism as mired by morality: "That is, a "religion of pity" captures the way in which an atheist, for example, surreptitiously retains a direct connection to Christianity ...
Pantheistic concepts date back thousands of years, and pantheistic elements have been identified in various religious traditions. The term pantheism was coined by mathematician Joseph Raphson in 1697, [27] [28] and since then has been used to describe the beliefs of a variety of individuals and organizations.
Nondualism includes a number of philosophical and spiritual traditions that emphasize the absence of fundamental duality or separation in existence. [1] This viewpoint questions the boundaries conventionally imposed between self and other, mind and body, observer and observed, [2] and other dichotomies that shape our perception of reality.