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Exhaust manifolds are generally simple cast iron or stainless steel [2] units which collect engine exhaust gas from multiple cylinders and deliver it to the exhaust pipe. For many engines, there are aftermarket tubular exhaust manifolds known as headers in American English , as extractor manifolds in British and Australian English , [ 3 ] and ...
Types of manifolds in engineering include: Exhaust manifold An engine part that collects the exhaust gases from multiple cylinders into one pipe. Also known as headers. Hydraulic manifold A component used to regulate fluid flow in a hydraulic system, thus controlling the transfer of power between actuators and pumps Inlet manifold (or "intake ...
A 4-2-1 exhaust system is a type of exhaust manifold for an engine with four cylinders per bank, such as an inline-four engine or a V8 engine. The layout of a 4-2-1 system is as follows: four pipes (primary) come off the cylinder head , and merge into two pipes (secondary), which in turn finally link up to form one collector pipe.
The Schlenk line (also vacuum gas manifold) is a commonly used chemistry apparatus developed by Wilhelm Schlenk. [1] It consists of a dual manifold with several ports. [ 2 ] One manifold is connected to a source of purified inert gas , while the other is connected to a vacuum pump .
Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA, 1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate) is a P-type glycol ether used in inks, coatings, and cleaners. It is sold by Dow Chemical under the name Dowanol PMA, [ 3 ] by Shell Chemical under the name methyl proxitol acetate, [ 4 ] [ 5 ] and by Eastman under the name PM Acetate.
Manifold decomposition works in two directions: one can start with the smaller pieces and build up a manifold, or start with a large manifold and decompose it. The latter has proven a very useful way to study manifolds: without tools like decomposition, it is sometimes very hard to understand a manifold.
Diesel exhaust causes lung cancer and other diseases such as asthma, and many premature deaths. [2] [3] [4] Methods exist to reduce nitrogen oxides (NO x) and particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust. Some countries have set a date to stop selling diesel vehicles, and some city centres will ban diesel cars. [5]
[3] [4] Wankel engines run very hot, so Garside gave this air-cooled motor additional interior air-cooling. Air was drawn through a forward-facing filter situated to provide a ram air effect. This air passed through the interior of the rotors and then into a large pressed-steel plenum before entering the combustion chambers via twin ...