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One model suggests that obsessions do not drive compulsions, but are rather byproducts of compulsions, as evidenced by some studies reporting excessive reliance on habit. [8] Dysfunctional habit based learning may be a driver behind neuroimaging studies of memory reporting increased hippocampus activity.
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which an individual has intrusive thoughts (an obsession) and feels the need to perform certain routines (compulsions) repeatedly to relieve the distress caused by the obsession, to the extent where it impairs general function. [1] [2] [7]
[2] OCD is a mental disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. [3] An obsession is defined as "a recurring thought, image, or urge that the individual cannot control". [4] Compulsion can be described as a "ritualistic behavior that the person feels compelled to perform". [4]
Compulsive behavior (or compulsion) is defined as performing an action persistently and repetitively. Compulsive behaviors could be an attempt to make obsessions go away. [ 3 ] Compulsive behaviors are a need to reduce apprehension caused by internal feelings a person wants to abstain from or control. [ 4 ]
Compulsive behavior, a psychological condition in which a person does a behavior compulsively, having an overwhelming feeling that they must do so. Obsessive–compulsive disorder , a mental disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce anxiety and by repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing that anxiety.
Carrying out the compulsion reduces the anxiety, but each recurrence strengthens the urge to perform the compulsion, reinforcing the intrusive thoughts. [7] According to Lee Baer, suppressing the thoughts only makes them stronger, and recognizing that bad thoughts do not signify that one is truly evil is one of the steps to overcoming them. [ 13 ]
Compulsions are the basis of addictions. Reward is one major distinction between compulsion in addicts and compulsion as it is experienced in obsessive-compulsive disorder. An addiction is, by definition, a form of compulsion, and involves operant reinforcement. For example, dopamine is released in the brain's reward system and is a motive for ...
The only diagnosis existing in DSM-5 is obsessive–compulsive disorder. [2] According to DSM-5 compulsions can be mental, but they are always repetitive actions like "praying, counting, repeating words silently". [26] DSM-5 does not have any information that searching an answer for some question can be associated with OCD. [27]