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Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS), also known as opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia (OMA), is a rare neurological disorder of unknown cause which appears to be the result of an autoimmune process involving the nervous system. It is an extremely rare condition, affecting as few as 1 in 10,000,000 people per year.
Kinsbourne was the first to identify and systematically describe the infant disorder "opsoclonus myoclonus" syndrome, sometimes called Kinsbourne syndrome in his honor. He also was first to describe "hiatus hernia" with contortions of the neck, subsequently called Sandifer Syndrome in honor of his mentor, Dr. Paul Sandifer.
Opsoclonus consists of rapid, involuntary, multivectorial (horizontal and vertical), unpredictable, conjugate fast eye movements without inter-saccadic intervals. [1] It is also referred to as saccadomania or reflexive saccade. The movements of opsoclonus may have a very small amplitude, appearing as tiny deviations from primary position.
Myoclonus is a brief, involuntary, irregular (lacking rhythm) twitching of a muscle, a joint, or a group of muscles, different from clonus, which is rhythmic or regular. Myoclonus (myo-"muscle", clonus "spasm") describes a medical sign and, generally, is not a diagnosis of a disease.
Other presentations include ataxia and opsoclonus-myoclonus. In a small series of 20 patients with anti-GABA-BR, about 50% were found to have small-cell lung cancer. [16] Males and females appear to be equally affected. The long-term prognosis in anti-GABA-BR encephalitis is determined by the presence of an underlying malignancy. [17] [1]
Symptomatic features of paraneoplastic syndrome cultivate in four ways: endocrine, neurological, mucocutaneous, and hematological.The most common presentation is a fever (release of endogenous pyrogens often related to lymphokines or tissue pyrogens), but the overall picture will often include several clinical cases observed which may specifically simulate more common benign conditions.
Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome; Oral allergy syndrome; Oral mite anaphylaxis; Oral-facial-digital syndrome; Orbital apex syndrome; Organic brain syndrome; Organic dust toxic syndrome; Orofaciodigital syndrome 1; Ortner's syndrome; OSLAM syndrome; Osler–Weber–Rendu disease; Otodental syndrome; Otofacial syndrome; Ovarian hyperstimulation ...
opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome: Anti-Tr: glutamate receptor: paraneoplastic cerebellar syndrome: Anti-amphiphysin: amphiphysin: stiff person syndrome, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration: Anti-GAD: Glutamate decarboxylase: stiff person syndrome, diabetes mellitus type 1: Anti-VGKC: voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC)