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E-Four (short for Electrical 4WD System), [1] eFour, AWD-i, or AWD-e was developed by Toyota. Front wheels are powered directly by the hybrid powertrain, rear wheels are powered by a dedicated electric motor with its own power control unit, reduction gear and differential. Amount of torque transferred to the rear wheels is automatically ...
Brake-by-wire is used in most common hybrid and electric vehicles produced since 1998 including all Toyota, Ford, and General Motors Electric and hybrid models. The Toyota Synergy Drive and the Rav4 EV use a system where a modified ABS (antilock brake system) actuator is coupled with a special hydraulic brake master cylinder to create a ...
Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) is an integrated vehicle handling and software control system developed by Toyota. It involves an omnibus computer linkage of traction control , electronic stability control , electronic steering , and other systems, with the intent of improving responsiveness to driver input, performance, and ...
Electronically controlled brake (ECB) developed by Toyota Motor Corporation initially for its hybrid and Lexus models, is the world's first production brake-by-wire braking system. [1] The ECB went on sale in Japan in June 2001, [ 2 ] first appearing on the Toyota Estima hybrid (first generation), [ 3 ] and making its North American debut with ...
The new, range-topping 2021 Toyota RAV4 Prime is flipping the script. For 2021, Toyota is looking to reclaim the performance high ground in the compact crossover segment with a plug-in hybrid.
Drive-by-wire may refer to just the propulsion of the vehicle through electronic throttle control, [3] or it may refer to electronic control over propulsion as well as steering and braking, which separately are known as steer by wire and brake by wire, along with electronic control over other vehicle driving functions.
Toyota says that the change from Prime to Plug-in Hybrid is meant to make it easier for shoppers to understand the different powertrain options offered on the RAV4 and the Prius. For the new model ...
Engine braking: The HSD system has a special transmission setting labelled 'B' (for Brake), that takes the place of a conventional automatic transmission's 'L' setting, providing engine braking on hills. This can be manually selected in place of regenerative braking.