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A rule of thumb in determining if a reply fits into the 4xx or the 5xx (Permanent Negative) category is that replies are 4xx if the commands can be repeated without any change in command form or in properties of the User or Server (e.g., the command is spelled the same with the same arguments used; the user does not change his file access or ...
Note that most command-line FTP clients present their own non-standard set of commands to users. For example, GET is the common user command to download a file instead of the raw command RETR . Command
FTP login uses normal username and password scheme for granting access. [2] The username is sent to the server using the USER command, and the password is sent using the PASS command. [2] This sequence is unencrypted "on the wire", so may be vulnerable to a network sniffing attack. [22]
A good example for command piping is combining echo with another command to achieve something interactive in a non-interactive shell, e.g. echo-e 'user\npass' | ftp localhost. This runs the ftp client with input user, press return, then pass. In casual use, the initial step of a pipeline is often cat or echo, reading from a file or string.
Two separate methods were developed to invoke client security for use with FTP clients: Implicit and Explicit.While the implicit method requires that a Transport Layer Security is established from the beginning of the connection, which in turn breaks the compatibility with non-FTPS-aware clients and servers, the explicit method uses standard FTP protocol commands and replies in order to ...
Protocols such as FTP use out-of-band control. FTP sends its control information, which includes user identification, password, and put/get commands, on one connection, and sends data files on a separate parallel connection. Because it uses a separate connection for the control information, FTP uses out-of-band control.
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If the destination address was local, but referred to a user name not found in the local password file, the message sent back to the originator of the email was the announcement that the person they were attempting to communicate with was not a typewriter.