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The goal of holistic nursing is treat the patient's individual's social, cognitive, emotional and physical problems as well as understanding their spiritual and cultural beliefs. [15] Involving holistic nursing in the education will help future nurses to be more familiar in the terms holistic and how to approach the concept. [15]
Ryff's model is not based on merely feeling happy, but is based on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics, "where the goal of life isn't feeling good, but is instead about living virtuously". [ 5 ] The Ryff Scale is based on six factors: autonomy , environmental mastery, personal growth , positive relations with others, purpose in life , and self ...
Kolcaba's theory successfully addresses the four elements of nursing metaparadigm. [3] Providing comfort in physical, psychospiritual, social, and environmental aspects in order to reduce harmful tension is a conceptual assertion of this theory. [3] When nursing interventions are effective, the outcome of enhanced comfort is attained. [2]
Nursing theories frame, explain or define the practice of nursing. Roy's model sees the individual as a set of interrelated systems (biological, psychological and social). The individual strives to maintain a balance between these systems and the outside world, but there is no absolute level of balance.
Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development constitute an adaptation of a psychological theory originally conceived by the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget. Kohlberg began work on this topic as a psychology graduate student at the University of Chicago in 1958 and expanded upon the theory throughout his life. [1] [2] [3]
Helen Lorraine (Cook) Erickson (born 1936) is the primary author of the modeling and role-modeling theory of nursing. [1] Her work, co-authored with Evelyn Tomlin and Mary Ann Swain, was published in the 1980s and derived from her experience in clinical practice.
Health psychology examines the reciprocal influences of biology, psychology, behavioral, and social factors on health and illness. One application of the biopsychosocial model within health and medicine relates to pain, such that several factors outside an individual's health may affect their perception of pain.
Nursing ethics is more concerned with developing the caring relationship than broader principles, such as beneficence and justice. [6] For example, a concern to promote beneficence may be expressed in traditional medical ethics by the exercise of paternalism , where the health professional makes a decision based upon a perspective of acting in ...