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Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), also known as primary or peripheral/gonadal hypogonadism or primary gonadal failure, is a condition which is characterized by hypogonadism which is due to an impaired response of the gonads to the gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and in turn a lack of sex steroid production. [1]
46,XX gonadal dysgenesis is characteristic of female hypogonadism with a karyotype of 46,XX. [8] Streak ovaries are present with non-functional tissues unable to produce the required sex steroid oestrogen. [9] Low levels of oestrogen effect the HPG axis with no feedback to the anterior pituitary to inhibit the secretion of FSH and LH. [9]
Hypogonadism resulting from defects of the gonads is referred to as hypergonadotropic hypogonadism or primary hypogonadism. Examples include Klinefelter syndrome and Turner syndrome. Mumps is known to cause testicular failure, and in recent years has been immunized against in the US. A varicocele can reduce hormonal production as well ...
XX gonadal dysgenesis is a type of female hypogonadism in which the ovaries do not function to induce puberty in a person assigned female at birth, whose karyotype is 46,XX. [1] Individuals with XX gonadal dysgenesis have normal-appearing external genitalia as well as Müllerian structures (e.g., cervix, vagina, uterus).
XY complete gonadal dysgenesis, also known as Swyer syndrome, is a type of defect hypogonadism in a person whose karyotype is 46,XY. Though they typically have normal vulvas, [1] the person has underdeveloped gonads, fibrous tissue termed "streak gonads", and if left untreated, will not experience puberty.
Disorders of sex development (DSDs), also known as differences in sex development or variations in sex characteristics (VSC), [2] [3] are congenital conditions affecting the reproductive system, in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical. [4]
Dog intake in shelters has increased by 2.5% between January and September 2023, a continuation of a three-year-long trend, according to Shelter Animals Count's Q3 2023 data analysis. Recognizing ...
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH), is due to problems with either the hypothalamus or pituitary gland affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis). [1] Hypothalamic disorders result from a deficiency in the release of gonadotropic releasing hormone ( GnRH ), while pituitary gland disorders are due to a deficiency in the release ...