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Wernicke's area (/ ˈ v ɛər n ɪ k ə /; German: [ˈvɛɐ̯nɪkə]), also called Wernicke's speech area, is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex that are linked to speech, the other being Broca's area. It is involved in the comprehension of written and spoken language, in contrast to Broca's area, which is primarily involved in the ...
Patients with Wernicke's aphasia demonstrate fluent speech, which is characterized by typical speech rate, intact syntactic abilities and effortless speech output. [3] Writing often reflects speech in that it tends to lack content or meaning. In most cases, motor deficits (i.e. hemiparesis) do not occur in individuals with Wernicke's aphasia. [4]
There are several types of aphasia, with the two most popular being Broca’s Aphasia and Wernicke’s Aphasia. The different types of aphasia all have different impacts on the comprehension and production of language. Some symptoms of aphasia are: Short or incomplete sentences; Incorrect substitutions of words; Unrecognizable words
Receptive aphasia (also known as "sensory aphasia" or "Wernicke's aphasia"), which is characterized by fluent speech, but marked difficulties understanding words and sentences. Although fluent, the speech may lack in key substantive words (nouns, verbs, adjectives), and may contain incorrect words or even nonsense words.
Instead, it requires speech production damage, where the desired phonemes are selected erroneously or in an incorrect sequence. [7] Therefore, although Wernicke's aphasia, a combination of phonological retrieval and semantic systems impairment, affects speech comprehension, it also involves speech production damage. [7]
Paraphasia is associated with fluent aphasias, characterized by "fluent spontaneous speech, long grammatically shaped sentences and preserved prosody abilities." [4] Examples of these fluent aphasias include receptive or Wernicke's aphasia, anomic aphasia, conduction aphasia, and transcortical sensory aphasia, among others.
Many individuals have poor awareness when making errors in speech, but are typically able to produce normal sentence structures when speaking. [4] These sentences produced by patients with Wernicke's aphasia are often difficult for others to understand because of the problems with word selection and comprehension.
Carl Wernicke discovered the sensory center of speech. Wernicke figured out that Broca's area was not the only center of speech, it was also able to distinguish motor aphasia from sensory aphasia. [77] He also pointed to the possibility of conduction aphasia since he came to understand the arrangement of the brain's extrinsic and intrinsic ...