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Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO 4) is a crystalline material formed by adding neodymium ions to yttrium orthovanadate. It is commonly used as an active laser medium for diode-pumped solid-state lasers. It comes as a transparent blue-tinted material. It is birefringent, therefore rods made of it are usually rectangular.
Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO 4) is a transparent crystal. Undoped YVO 4 is also used to make efficient high-power polarizing prisms similar to Glan–Taylor prisms. [1] There are two principal applications for doped yttrium orthovanadate: Doped with neodymium it forms Nd:YVO 4, an active laser medium used in diode-pumped solid-state lasers. [2]
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Neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride (Nd:YLF) is a lasing medium for arc lamp-pumped and diode-pumped solid-state lasers. The YLF crystal (LiYF 4 ) is naturally birefringent , and commonly used laser transitions occur at 1047 nm and 1053 nm.
Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd:Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers. The dopant , neodymium in the +3 oxidation state, Nd(III), typically replaces a small fraction (1%) of the yttrium ions in the host crystal structure of the yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), since the two ions are ...
Nd-doped YCOB (Nd:YCa 4 O(BO 3) 3) is a nonlinear optical crystal, which is commonly used as an active laser medium. It can be grown from a melt by the Czochralski technique . It belongs to the monoclinic system with space group C s 2 -Cm.
Er:YAG lasers can be used in laser aided cataract surgery but owing to its water absorbable nature Nd:YAG is preferred more. [ 8 ] Erbium YAG dental lasers are effective for removing tooth decay atraumatically, [ 9 ] often without the need for local anesthetic to numb the tooth.
Neodymium also has 15 known metastable isotopes, with the most stable one being 139m Nd (t 1/2 = 5.5 hours), 135m Nd (t 1/2 = 5.5 minutes) and 133m1 Nd (t 1/2 ~70 seconds). The primary decay modes before the most abundant stable isotope, 142 Nd, are electron capture and positron decay , and the primary mode after is beta minus decay .