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The disconnector is usually not intended for normal control of the circuit, but only for safety isolation. Unlike load switches and circuit breakers , disconnectors lack a mechanism for suppression of electric arcs which occur when conductors carrying high currents are mechanically interrupted.
A Buchholz Relay is installed in the transformer oil circuit, and should the relay detect 'gassing' of the oil, will trip out the trains main circuit breaker, so isolating the equipment from the supply and therefore protecting the equipment from overheating or short circuiting. Once tripped, the equipment can only be reset by maintenance staff.
A commutator is a rotary electrical switch in certain types of electric motors and electrical generators that periodically reverses the current direction between the rotor and the external circuit. It consists of a cylinder composed of multiple metal contact segments on the rotating armature of the machine.
Switchgear is a combination of electrical disconnect switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment. Switches are safe to open under normal load current (some switches are not safe to operate under normal or abnormal conditions), while protective devices are safe to open under fault current.
High-voltage switchgear A section of a large switchgear panel. Tram switchgear This circuit breaker uses both SF 6 and air as insulation.. In an electric power system, a switchgear is composed of electrical disconnect switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment.
After the 1970s, vacuum switches began to replace the minimal-oil switches in medium-voltage switchgear. In the early 1980s, SF6 switches and breakers were also gradually replaced by vacuum technology in medium-voltage application. As of 2018, a vacuum circuit-breaker had reached 145 kV with a short-circuit rating of 200 kA. [4]